Sodium, which is an osmotically active cation, is one of the most important electrolytes in the extracellular fluid. High or low levels of electrolytes disrupt normal bodily functions and can lead to even life-threatening complications. This article reviews the basic physiology of electrolytes and their abnormalities, and the consequences of electrolyte imbalance. These electrolytes can have an imbalance, leading to either high or low levels. ![]() ![]() Electrolytes come from our food and fluids. Sodium, potassium, and chloride are the significant electrolytes along with magnesium, calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonates. Electrolytes are essential for basic life functioning, such as maintaining electrical neutrality in cells, generating and conducting action potentials in the nerves and muscles.
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